History of the Automobile

The history of the automotive world begins when Nicolaus August Otto namely young German nationals find motorcycle engine in 1876. Then, in 1885 Gottlieb Daimler German nationals who also found the oil-fueled engine that allows the opening of the birth of a revolution in car design. The findings were then followed by a German-born automobile ie 25 November 1844 Karl Benz, a mechanical engineer who built the first practical car that is run by a machine called an internal-combustion engine in 1985.

In America, Jhon w. lambert managed to find a gasoline-powered automobile in 1891.Duryea Brothers became the first company to manufacture and sell such vehicles to the public. Everything is possible to walk is not too significant, until finally Henry Ford launched the Model-T is phenomenal, it is equipped with a transmission system and a better design. The first model manufactured in 1908 and continues to change until 1980.

Still talking about ground transportation, in the field of rail-an, history began when George Stephenson designed the first steam train in 1824. Although it is true that the steam engine James Watt have been found long before that. New in 1924 then the steam train has developed a mature and spread throughout the entire world. Followed later by the birth of the diesel trains in the 1960s. After experiencing a rather old vacuum, came the super-fast trains are actually based Maglev technology is still in early growth. Nevertheless, we can see the TGV and Shinkansen with admiration and astonishment that no agony.

Meanwhile, in the world of aeronautics, history tells much longer. Perhaps, in the year 852 of a Muslim scientist named Armen Firman jumped from a tower in Cordoba (Spain) and float using a robe that was worn as a parachute. In the year 875, Abbas Ibn Firnas desperate to repeat the action of the Word. Unfortunately, he suffered a back injury resulting in death several years later. Baghdad and then use the name as the name Firnas airport to remember.

Centuries later, people continue to assume that human beings have to fly with wings.Even the famous DaVinci painting in the 1500s also implies such things. The story became somewhat changed when Sir George Cayley in 1799 formulated the concept of the aircraft where it should have wings, tail, and so on. Funnily enough, this concept is written on a silver coin made of the era.

Cayley glider according to the concept and then create it and told the train driver (coachman) to try it, but there is no clear outcome achievement. Was otto lilienthal who later became the first person to make the glider at the same time trying melayangkannya moment. The experimental results are published, but unfortunately, one day when he did the experiment, there was a gust of wind made him fall and die.

On November 28, 1896, a professor named Samuel Langley of the Smithsonian Institute managed to create drones that can fly to a height of 4,200 feet with a speed of 30 mph.Langley then asked for research funding from the U.S. Defense Department of U.S. $ 5,000 to design a manned aircraft. Two experiments carried out on October 7, 1903 and December 9, 1903 only led to failure. The first trial resulted in a broken wing aircraft without leaving the ground. While the second experiment was unable to fly planes and crashed in the Potomac River plunged. Nevertheless, for his services in the fields of aeronautics, Langley's name immortalized as the name of the famous lab: NASA Langley.

Pause 8 days after Langley's second trial, Kitty Hawk's Wrights brothers made history as the first aircraft with the power machine capable of flying and reaching a height exceeding the starting pointnya. This is the first time man managed to beat gravity.Wrights brothers continue to make improvements on the findings that, like many scientists in France, Britain, Germany, Russia, Australia and other countries. However, Wright Bros. who attract attention after the riveting vibrant community in Paris. He then sold the idea to the U.S. Department of Defense. The result, shortly after the U.S. Army has some "fighters" in which the pilot throws a bomb with his hand to finish off the enemy on land.

When World War I erupted in 1929, double-winged planes are commonly encountered.Then in 1926, Charles Lindberg for the first time successfully crossed the Atlantic Ocean. This is the starting point when the aircraft is treated as a means of transportation, not just a hobby or a toy as before. When World War II broke out in the 1940s, fighter aircraft are far more sophisticated. Airlines with propeller emerging. And in the 1950s, jet engines (Boeing 707) began operations and the term "jet set" or a jet transport began to be known.

In the 1960's, the supersonic aircraft (Concorde) began operations. Unfortunately, although Russia has successfully launched its first satellite (1957) and the United States successfully land a man on the moon (1969), growth was almost stagnant in the world of aeronautics. It is true that the success of Russia and America are driven more by political factors (cold war) than the factor of technological breakthroughs to increase the welfare of mankind. It is also true that new technologies initially grew very slowly, then reached the point where innovation continues rained, and soon reached a mature stage.After that technological development was slow again. The period between these, when calculated, averaging about 40 years.

By using the above calculation, it should at this time humans are able to fly hypersonic speeds or beyond the atmosphere into space. Unfortunately, due to funding research that expensive (or a strong political overtones), both Russia and the U.S. no longer insists on developing the space shuttle. Spacecraft itself has become a very expensive monopoly. But for a handful of people, could be a business opportunity billions (or trillions) of dollars.

To get a spacecraft that is much cheaper than gawean NASA and its contractors, digelarlah X-Prize with a prize worth U.S. $ 10 million for anyone who is able to fly as high as 100 km or more with a pilot and two passengers or weight equivalent. There are many "crazy" who are interested in racing, one of Burt Rutan, funded by Paul Allen.

Rutan SpaceShipOne made out to be a winner. Funds that rains more than U.S. $ 20 million, but the motivation to achieve space travel business opportunity to make U.S. $ 20 million as if nothing. The project continued with SpaceShipTwo which can carry up to 8 people and will be ready in 2007 or 2008. That said, Virgin galactic SpaceShipTwo aircraft already ordered three.

In addition to the X-Prize, Bigelow, a millionaire owner of cheap hotels, also held a similar award with a prize of U.S. $ 50 million plus contract to make a plane for anyone who could make the aircraft to transport tourists around the earth several times. He has made the company Bigelow Aerospace is conducting research on how to structure the right building for hotel space. The results are quite amazing and the technology purchased by NASA to repair space shuttle. Of course, this price is much cheaper than buying from contractors such as Boeing or Lockheed Martin. Bigelow realized that dream to make the hotel space can never be realized without a system of cheap transportation.

Of course this is all nonsense is not nonsense. Many new companies with 50 or 100 employees genius and strong backup of investor funds emerging. Outer space belongs to ordinary people, no longer a government monopoly or state. With the birth of new industries brain intensive and capital-intensive, space travel is not something impossible. Currently, the Russians could take us a walk to the MIR station for U.S. $ 20 million. But the next few years, that rate will decrease significantly.

Soon we will feel "normal" when he heard the people working in space, honeymooners 100 km beyond the earth, or a hotel employee in the month. Colonization of the moon or Mars colonization is the future. Later, exploration and exploitation of minerals is likely to occur on the moon or on other planets is indeed very rich in minerals. The future belonged to small industry with big capabilities. And if 20 years the world's richest man is Bill Gates, then the next 20 years the world's richest man is an entrepreneur who is able to innovate to bring man into space in a cost effective and efficient, and package it in a value-added services.